Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR), also known as Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI), is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat severe aortic stenosis. This condition occurs when the aortic valve narrows, restricting blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body. TAVR offers a less invasive alternative to traditional open-heart surgery, especially for patients who are at high or moderate risk for surgical complications.
During TAVR, a replacement valve is inserted through a catheter, typically via the femoral artery in the leg or a small incision in the chest. The catheter is guided to the heart, where the new valve is positioned within the diseased aortic valve. Once in place, the new valve takes over the function of regulating blood flow, improving circulation and reducing symptoms.
The procedure is typically performed under local anesthesia with conscious sedation or general anesthesia, depending on the patient’s condition and the approach used. Most patients experience a shorter hospital stay and faster recovery compared to traditional open-heart surgery.
TAVR provides several benefits, particularly for patients who are not ideal candidates for open-heart surgery due to age, frailty, or other health conditions. These benefits include:
TAVR is recommended for patients with severe aortic stenosis who are considered at high or intermediate risk for surgical valve replacement. A thorough evaluation by a heart team, including a cardiologist and cardiac surgeon, determines the best treatment option.
TAVR has revolutionized the treatment of aortic stenosis, offering a safer, less invasive option with excellent outcomes for many patients. It is a promising alternative that improves both survival rates and quality of life.